Pain Medicine physicians have a background in the neurophysiology and neurochemistry of pain, and limit their practice to the evaluation and management of individuals with acute, cancer-related, and chronic pain. The Pain Medicine physician recognizes the complexities of chronic pain and addresses medical, physical, psycho-social, and environmental factors that affect an individual's perception of pain and the attendant disabilities. The Pain Medicine physician has advanced knowledge of the management of postoperative and acute pain. Physicians in diverse fields of medicine are active in pain management. These fields include: Anesthesiology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Neurology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Psychiatry, Internal Medicine, Family Practice, and other sub-specialties.